Signal enhancer BAP-1

The signal booster BAP-1 has a unique molecular structure that gives it multifunctional properties in immunodiagnostics. The core functions are: preventing particle aggregation, enhancing reagent compatibility, improving luminescence efficiency, protecting enzyme activity, reducing non-specific adsorption and inhibiting spontaneous oxidation.

Core application scenarios and action mechanisms

1. Dispersion and stability of nanomarkers

Mechanism of action:

The signal enhancement agent BAP-1 adsorbs on the surface of nanomaterials (such as colloidal gold, quantum dots, magnetic microspheres, latex microspheres) through hydrophobic chains, which form steric hindrance to prevent aggregation and improve the dispersion and long-term stability of the marker in the reagent.

Typical applications:

Immunochromatographic test strip: stabilization of quantum-dot labeled antibody (0.1-0.3% signal enhancer BAP-1) to avoid particle aggregation after drying of the labeling pad.

Chemiluminescent reagents: uniform dispersion of magnetic microspheres (0.05%~0.2% signal enhancer BAP-1), reducing reagent batch differences.

Immunoturbidimetric reagent: 0.05-0.2% Tetronic 1307 + 0.1% signal enhancer BAP-1 to disperse chylomicron in lipid blood samples.

Dosage range: 0.05%~0.5% (w/v), which should be adjusted according to the surface charge and hydrophobicity of nanomaterials.

2. Reduce non-specific adsorption (sealer)

Mechanism of action:

The signal enhancer BAP-1 is adsorbated to the hydrophobic region of solid phase carrier (such as cellulose nitrate membrane, microporous plate, electrode), forming a hydrophilic barrier, blocking the non-specific binding of impurity protein or lipid in the sample, and reducing the background signal.

Typical applications:

Lateral chromatographic strips: Sample pad pretreatment (0.1%~0.3% signal enhancer BAP-1 +0.02%~0.1% (w/v) Tetronic 1307) to reduce fibrin interference in the blood.

Microplate ELISA: Replacing the traditional BSA sealing liquid (0.2%~0.5% signal enhancer BAP-1), the cost is reduced by 30% and the sealing effect is longer.

Dosage range: 0.1%~0.5% (w/v), too high concentration may affect the target molecular binding.

3. Enhanced detection sensitivity (micellar sensitization)

Mechanism of action:

The signal enhancer BAP-1 micelles can concentrate luminescent substrates (such as luminol), fluorescent dyes or enzymes (HRP, ALP), increase the local reaction concentration and enhance the signal strength.

Typical applications:

Chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) : Adding 0.05%~0.1% signal enhancer BAP-1 to Luminol system increased the signal strength by 20%~50%.

Fluorescent PCR: 0.01%~0.05% signal enhancer BAP-1 was added into the probe system to reduce probe adsorption and improve Ct value consistency.

Lateral chromatography strip: 0.1%~0.3% signal enhancer BAP-1 +0.02%~0.1% (w/v) Tetronic 1307 to improve its binding probability with the detection line antibody.

Dosage range: 0.01%~0.1% (w/v), excessive may inhibit enzyme activity or cause excessive micellar encapsulation.

4. Freeze-drying protection

Mechanism of action:

Freeze-drying protectants: Reduce denaturation during the freeze-remelting process.

Enzyme/antibody: 1%~5% signal enhancer BAP-1 + trehalose;

Nanoparticles: 5%-10% signal enhancer BAP-1+ polyol;

Liposomes: 8%-15% signal enhancer BAP-1 + chelating agent

Typical applications:

Lyophilized chemiluminescent microspheres: 10% signal enhancer BAP-1 + 5% trehalose, dispersion efficiency >95% after redissolution.

5. Solubilizing hydrophobic ingredients

Mechanism of action:

Micelles wrap hydrophobic molecules (such as certain fluorescent dyes, fat soluble antigens) to improve their solubility in aqueous reagents.

Typical applications:

Fluorescent microsphere labeling: When dissolving hydrophobic dyes (such as Nile Red), add 0.5% to 1% signal enhancer BAP-1.

Lipoprotein antigen extraction: The recovery rate of lipoprotein antigen was improved by 0.3% signal enhancer BAP-1 in the sample processing solution.

Dosage optimization and precautions

1. Concentration gradient screening

Low concentration (0.01%~0.1%) : used for sensitization or anti-adsorption, need to verify the effect on enzyme activity (such as the decrease of HRP activity need to supplement coenzyme).

Medium concentration (0.1%~1%) : suitable for closure or dispersion, to avoid electrostatic repulsion with positively charged materials (such as amino magnetic beads).

2. Verify compatibility

Surfactants: Avoid using with SDS (>0.1%) to prevent micellar structure damage.

Salt concentration: High salt (>0.5 M NaCl) may weaken micellar stability, and PEG (1%-3%) should be added to enhance steric hindrance.

3. Stability test

Accelerated experiment: Placed at 37℃ for 7 days, the particle size change of nanomarkers was observed (DLS detection), and the formula should be adjusted if PDI>0.2.

Lyophilized protection: Lyophilized reagents containing the signal enhancer BAP-1 should be tested for redissolved activity recovery (target >90%).