Defoamer 101/ Defoamer 102/ Defoamer 103

Defoamer 101 (Silicone defoamer)

Core advantages: high temperature resistance, fast defoaming, compatible with high shear process.

Recommended application:

PCR premixes/reagents: withstand 95℃ high temperature cycle, inhibit bubble interference in DNA polymerase reaction.

Chemiluminescent reagents: to avoid the foam in the luminous reaction to affect the light signal acquisition (such as acridol system).

Automated liquid handling systems: for rapid defoaming in sample needles or pipelines (such as automatic chemiluminescence meters).

Usage:

Starting recommendation: 0.01%-0.02% (w/v), adjusted according to the severity of the bubble, up to 0.05%.

Precautions: Need to pre-disperse (such as ultrasonic treatment) to avoid silicone oil accumulation; Avoid using with cationic surfactants.

Defoamer 102 (polyether modified silicone oil)

Core advantages: Self-emulsification, low residue, excellent biocompatibility.

Recommended application:

High sensitivity immunoassay (e.g. ELISA, fluorescent immunoassay) : Avoid defoamer residues interfering with antigen-antibody binding or fluorescent background.

Cell lysate: Inhibits the foam produced by nucleic acid/protein release during lysate, while protecting enzyme activity (e.g., protease K).

Microfluidic chip reagents: compatible with microchannel fluids to prevent bubble clogging.

Usage:

Starting recommendation: 0.005%-0.01% (w/v), ultra-low concentration can be effective, excessive may lead to turbidity of the system.

Note: Compatibility with phosphate buffers (PBS) is good, but high concentrations of calcium/magnesium ions should be avoided.

Defoamer 103 (nonionic surfactant (polyether))

Core advantages: low cost, low temperature stability, protection of biological macromolecules.

Recommended application:

Enzyme reaction reagents (such as ALT/AST biochemical detection) : reduce enzymatic denaturation at the liquid-gas interface and maintain reaction linearity.

Lyophilized reagent protectants: Inhibit foam during lyophilization/resolution while stabilizing protein structure.

Blood treatment reagents: prevent foam interference during hemolysis or centrifugation (such as serum separation glue).

Usage:

Starting recommendation: 0.05%-0.1% (w/v), can be adjusted according to the system viscosity (high viscosity requires higher concentration).

Note: Avoid using in hydrophobic protein systems (may form micellar adsorbed proteins).